{"id":1237,"date":"2025-01-20T23:43:12","date_gmt":"2025-01-20T20:13:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.Arvinpadir.com\/?p=1237"},"modified":"2025-01-08T21:58:27","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T18:28:27","slug":"%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87-%d8%a8%d8%aa%d9%86-%d8%b3%d8%a8%da%a9-%d9%88-%d8%a7%d8%ab%d8%b1-%d9%85%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%b3-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%b2%d8%a7%db%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.arvinpadir.com\/en\/%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87-%d8%a8%d8%aa%d9%86-%d8%b3%d8%a8%da%a9-%d9%88-%d8%a7%d8%ab%d8%b1-%d9%85%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%b3-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%b2%d8%a7%db%8c\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0648 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0622\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4><span style=\"color: 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\u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arvinpadir.com\/en\/\u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0633\/\">Microsilica<\/a> \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u062b\u06cc\u0631 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\u0636\u0639\u0641\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u06f2- \u0634\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0647<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0622\u0626\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0622\u0626\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u0645\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0634\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641 : \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06af\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0628 : \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0634\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0648<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062c : \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062f : \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0628\u062c\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0647.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u06f2 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u06f3 \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0646 :<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0637 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u06a9\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 :<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641 : \u0634\u0646<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0628 : \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0647<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062c : \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062f : \u0622\u0628<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062c\u0632\ufe80 \u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u062a\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0634\u062a \u0648 \u0631\u06cc\u0632 ( \u0634\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0647 ) \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0622\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0634\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0622\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u067e\u0648\u0634\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0686\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0634 \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0622\u0628 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06af\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0622\u0628 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u06cc\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u0628\u062a\u0646 :<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">&#8211; \u0622\u0628 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0646<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06f1- \u0622\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06f2- \u0622\u0628 \u0686\u0627\u0647<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06f3- \u0622\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u06a9\u0647<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06f4- \u0622\u0628 \u0631\u0648\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u2026<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0628\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\ufe80 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">&#8211; \u0622\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0646<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06f1- \u0622\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u0631 ( \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0632\u0646\u06af \u0632\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0622\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f )<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06f2- \u0622\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u063a\u0646 \u0648 \u0686\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06f3- \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0628.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06f4- \u0622\u0628 \u06af\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u0648\u062f ( \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f )<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06f5- \u0622\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06f6- \u0622\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0646\u06af \u062a\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0628\u0648<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06f7- \u0622\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f\u06f2 co \u0648\u2026<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06f8- \u0622\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0686 \u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0644\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 : \u06f1- \u0622\u0628\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u06a9\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u062d\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 : \u06f2- \u0645\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u0648 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0647\u06cc\u0647 \u0622\u0628 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 : \u06f3- \u0646\u0627\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0628 \u0686\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0634\u062f\u062a \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u060c \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062d\u062c\u0645\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0632\u0646\u06af \u0632\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 : \u06f4- \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0628 \u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u062b\u06cc\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u062a\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0686\u06af\u0627\u0644\u06cc :<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641 : \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc :<\/span> \u0686\u06af\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06a9 \u06f2\u06f2\u06f0\u06f0 \u062a\u0627 \u06f2\u06f6\u06f0\u06f0 kg\/m3 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062f\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f ( \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a )<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0628 : \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 :<\/span> \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u0622\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u0646\u0627\u0647\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0636\u062f \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u06f2\u06f2\u06f0\u06f0 \u062a\u0627 \u06f2\u06f6\u06f0\u06f0 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06a9\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u062c : \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 :<\/span> \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 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\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062c\u0627\u0628\u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 :<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">&#8211; \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0648\u0644 :<\/span> \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0644\u062e\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u06af\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u06af\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06f6\/\u06f2 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">&#8211; \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062f\u0648\u0645 :<\/span> \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0641\u0646\u062c\u06cc \u060c \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u06af\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0646\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">&#8211; \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0633\u0648\u0645 :<\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u0633\u0646\u06af\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u06cc \u0631\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0634\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0646\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 : \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0647 \u0648 \u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0634\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 :<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0642 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 \u06f1- \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u0642 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 : \u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06f7\u06f7 \u2013 \u06f3\u06f3\u06f0 ASTM C \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 &#8212;- \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u06f2\u06f8 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 Mpa 17 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0648 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0622\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u06f1\u06f8\u06f5\u06f0 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06a9\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u06f1\u06f4\u06f0\u06f0 \u0627\u0648 \u06f1\u06f8\u06f0\u06f0 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06a9\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 : \u06f2- \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0642 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u06f8\u06f0\u06f0 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06a9\u0639\u0628 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u06f7\/\u06f0 \u0648 Mpa 7 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f :<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641 &#8211; \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc : \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u06af \u067e\u0627 \u060c \u067e\u0648\u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u06af \u060c \u062e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062c\u0632 \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u06cc\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0627\ufe80 \u0622\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 :\u06f1- \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627 \u0648 \u0622\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 : \u06f2- \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u067e\u0648\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u06cc\u0641 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0636\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u06f7\u06f0\u06f0 \u062a\u0627 \u06f1\u06f4\u06f0\u06f0 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648 \u06af\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06a9\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc\u062a \u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0642 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0622\u0628 \u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0634\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0633\u0646\u06af \u067e\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0628 &#8211; \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc : \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644 : \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u06a9 \u0631\u0633 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u06af \u0631\u0633\u06cc \u060c \u0633\u0646\u06af \u0644\u0648\u062d \u060c \u0633\u0646\u06af \u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u060c \u067e\u0631\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u060c \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0645 : \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0622\u0647\u0646 \u06af\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0628\u062f\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0645 : \u062c\u0648\u0634\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc ( \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0631\u06cc) \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0645 : \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0637\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0627\u06a9 \u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u0644\u062c\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u062e\u062a\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u06cc :<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc ASTM C330-89 ( \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0627 ) \u0648 BS 3797:1990 ( \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0627 ) \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc ( \u06f5% \u062f\u0631ASTM \u0648\u06f4% \u062f\u0631 BS)\u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 BS \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u06f1% \u06f3 so (\u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062c\u0631\u0645\u06cc ) \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a :<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06f1- \u0622\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 BS 1047:7983 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06f2- \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u060c \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a \u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 : \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u062a \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0637 \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f.\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0622\u0628 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0628\u0627\u0632 ( \u0633\u0637\u062d\u06cc ) \u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 (\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0634\u062a \u062a\u0631 ) \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0622\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0645\u0686\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0634\u06a9 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 :<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06a9\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u062f\u0633\u062a \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u060c <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 : \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 V.Novokshchenov \u0648 W.Whitcomb \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0648 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0622\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0630\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u062f.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #000000;\">fc = fm (vm)+fa (1-vm)<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #000000;\">fc = \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0646 fa = \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #000000;\">fm = \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a vm = \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0648 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/span><\/h5>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 : \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0686\u0633\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f7\u06f5\u06f6 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u00abJohn smeaton \u00bb \u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062c \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u00abEddystone \u00bb \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0622\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f8\u06f2\u06f4 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u00abJoseph Aspdin [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,31],"tags":[41,37,46,34,43,45,35,44,33,47,48,38],"class_list":["post-1237","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-5","category-31","tag-41","tag-37","tag-46","tag-34","tag-43","tag-45","tag-35","tag-44","tag-33","tag-47","tag-48","tag-38"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.9 (Yoast SEO v23.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0648 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0622\u0646 - \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0622\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.arvinpadir.com\/en\/\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647-\u0628\u062a\u0646-\u0633\u0628\u06a9-\u0648-\u0627\u062b\u0631-\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0633-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0628\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0648 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0622\u0646\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 : \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f 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